Merrimack Summer Session Courses

Take the summer to catch up or get ahead with Merrimack College’s Summer Session. Explore our summer course offerings below.

  • Registration is open.
  • Most Merrimack summer courses are four credits and $456 per credit ($1824 per four-credit course).

Course Format

Most summer session courses are online and asynchronous. Please review course details to determine if your course is offered on-campus; online and asynchronous; or online and synchronous. Unsure about what these modalities mean? Here’s a summary:

  • On-campus – At least part of the coursework must be completed in person on Merrimack’s campus in North Andover, MA. All courses with an on-campus component involve either labs or experiential learning.
  • Online and Asynchronous – Online course materials can be accessed and completed at any time within the parameters set by your professor. There’s no real-time interaction. Students complete the work when their schedule allows, keeping in mind due dates set by faculty.
  • Online and Synchronous - Online, live classes that meet on a specific day and time with the faculty (specific day/time are noted on the course).

  • Summer Schedule & Cost

    • Summer 1 Session: May 20-June 28
    • Summer 2 Session: July 8-Aug. 16
    • Summer 3 Session: May 20-Aug. 16
    • Summer 8 (math classes): May 20-July 19
    Regardless of length, the majority of Merrimack summer courses are four credits and $456 per credit ($1824 per four-credit course).

    Summer Courses Available

    Accounting

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    ACC3303CIntermediate Accounting IOA4Online - AsynchronousSusan Kennard7/8/2024-8/16/2024The Intermediate Accounting course sequence constitutes the "keystone" of the accounting curriculum for accounting concentrates. The central theme of the Intermediate Accounting course sequence is financial accounting and the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) by which it is governed. The objective of the course sequence is to allow the students to develop a sophisticated comprehension of GAAP, the related theory underlying these GAAP and the corresponding practices, procedures and techniques employed in their application. Intermediate Accounting I concentrates on their application to economic resources (assets). Prerequisite: BUS 2203 and MTH1003 (or course equivalent: MTH1016, 115 or 1217.

    Biology and Chemistry

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    BIO1106CHuman BiologyOA4Online - AsynchronousDave MacLaren7/08/2024-8/16/2024An introduction to the structure and function of human body at the level of cells, tissues organs and organ systems. A special emphasis is placed on the functions of the nervous and endocrine systems and their role in homeostasis and the integration and regulation of the functions of the other tissues and organs. The course will also consider molecular, Mendelian and population genetics. This course is designed primarily for students who intend to major or are majoring in psychology. Prerequisite: none. Not open to BIO/HSC majors. Satisfies a Mathematics/Science distribution requirement. Fulfills a STEM requirement in LS Core.

    Communications

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    COM2801CIntroduction to CommunicationOA4Online - AsynchronousMiranda Na7/08/2024-8/16/2024Having a great idea is not enough; you have to be able to effectively communicate your idea to others. This course will examine principles of interpersonal, organizational, and community-based communication as a means of shaping how individuals respond to advocacy efforts. The critical skills discussed will help you both understand how people are influencing you, and how you can more successfully influence others. This course will prepare you to be a competent communicator in a variety of contexts. Fulfills SOSC in LS core.

    Criminology

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    CRM1100CThe Criminal Justice SystemOA4Online - AsynchronousElizabeth Brault7/08/2024-8/16/2024This course provides an overview of the US Criminal justice system, with a focus on this case processing of adults. Students will gain a thorough understanding of the historical development of the criminal justice system, how police, courts, and the correctional system operate, and how these branches work together to form a single justice system. Current policy issues and reforms will be assessed, with a focus on evidence based policies to produced desired outcomes (e.g., crime control, proportional punishment, equitable treatment). Overarching themes investigated throughout the course include discretion among criminal justice actors, disparities in justice processing, balancing the various objectives of criminal punishment (e.g., crime control, just deserts, rehabilitation), decentralization of decision-making, and "best practices" for a criminal justice system in a democratic society. Required for majors. Fulfills the Social Science requirement in LS Core.

    Engineering

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    GEN2012CMechanics of Materials II - Deformable SolidsOA4Online-Synchronous, M/W - 5:30pm-6:30pmFairborz Forghan7/08/2024-8/16/2024Study of the fundamental mechanics of how materials behave when subjected to loadings, and how and why materials fail. Fundamental concepts of stress and strain, and the relationships between them. Effects of axial, shear, bending, and torsional loadings on the response of load-carrying members (such as beams, columns, shafts, tubes, and pressure vessels), and methods to determine the stress, stiffness, stability, and external deformations of these systems. Students will conduct laboratory tests for evaluating the engineering behavior of materials, and will analyze, evaluate, and communicate experimental results. Prerequisite(s): GEN 2010, MTH 1218.

    English

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    ENG1050CIntroduction to College WritingOB4Online - AsynchronousLauren Rocha7/08/2024-8/16/2024Introduction to the rhetorical practices of college-level writing. Emphasizes the foundations of academic discourse, with attention to language, purpose, and context. Students will read and analyze texts to prepare them to write for different audiences. Will include library instruction, research, and documentation. Fulfills first year writing requirement in LS Core. Does not count toward English major or minor.
    ENG2050HIntroduction to Literary Studies-HonorsOA4Online - AsynchronousEllen McWhorter7/08/2024-8/16/2024This course introduces students to such traditional literary genres as fiction, poetry, and drama, as well as newer and emerging forms such as the graphic novel, creative non-fiction, digital storytelling, and film. Emphasis is given to teaching students to read closely and to write analytically. The course also familiarizes students with a variety of interpretive strategies. Students leave the course recognizing the value of close reading and self-conscious interpretation. Satisfies a Humanities distribution requirement. Fulfills AL in LS Core. This is an honors level course - Instructor permission is required, please contact Professor McWhoter - mcwhortere@merrimack.edu.
    ENG2150CIntroduction to Creative WritingOA4Online - AsynchronousEmma Duffy-Comparone7/08/2024-8/16/2024Introduces the main genres of creative writing, including poetry, memoir, and fiction. In addition to producing their own creative forms such as poems, song lyrics, literary memoir, and short stories, students will study the works of contemporary and canonical authors in each genre. Classwork includes the workshopping of both short and longer projects and will culminate in a portfolio of revised work. Fulfills an AL requirement in LS Core.

    Exercise Science

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    EXS1104CIntroduction to Physical Activity, Fitness, and WellnessOB4Online - AsynchronousLeah Poloskey7/08/2024-8/16/2024This course is a survey of the discipline of health and fitness, including knowledge derived from performing physical activity, studying about physical activity, and professional practice centered in physical activity. It includes an analysis of the importance of health and wellness in daily life, the relationship between physical activity and the discipline of kinesiology, and the general effects of physical activity experiences. The course surveys the general knowledge base of the Health Science discipline as reflected in the major sub disciplines and reviews selected concepts in each, showing how they contribute to our understanding of the nature and importance of physical activity. The students will learn about the fitness components of wellness; flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance, body composition, nutrition, weight management, and cancer. Fitness and other positive life style habits that lead to better health, improved quality of life, and total well-being will be discussed. Students will be responsible for developing a self-paced fitness program that will be followed for the duration of the semester. In addition, the course introduces students to the general and specific characteristics of the health and wellness professions. Fulfills a STEM requirement in LS Core.
    EXS1104CIntroduction to Physical Activity, Fitness, and WellnessOC4Online - AsynchronousLindsey Carbone7/08/2024-8/16/2024This course is a survey of the discipline of health and fitness, including knowledge derived from performing physical activity, studying about physical activity, and professional practice centered in physical activity. It includes an analysis of the importance of health and wellness in daily life, the relationship between physical activity and the discipline of kinesiology, and the general effects of physical activity experiences. The course surveys the general knowledge base of the Health Science discipline as reflected in the major sub disciplines and reviews selected concepts in each, showing how they contribute to our understanding of the nature and importance of physical activity. The students will learn about the fitness components of wellness; flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance, body composition, nutrition, weight management, and cancer. Fitness and other positive life style habits that lead to better health, improved quality of life, and total well-being will be discussed. Students will be responsible for developing a self-paced fitness program that will be followed for the duration of the semester. In addition, the course introduces students to the general and specific characteristics of the health and wellness professions. Fulfills a STEM requirement in LS Core.
    EXS3311CExercise Physiology with Integrated labOA4Online - AsynchronousAlvin Morton7/08/2024-8/16/2024A detailed examination of cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic physiology, responses to acute exercise, and exercise training adaptations. Laboratory will emphasize exercise testing procedures and techniques as well as research principles. Prerequisites: HSC 1122 and HSC 1123.

    Foreign Language

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    SPA1020CIntroductory Spanish IIOA4Online-Synchronous, T/W/TH - 6:00pm-8:30pmWanda Ocasio-Rivera7/08/2024-8/16/2024Formerly: SPA1120 Introductory Spanish II This course is offered for students with little or no background in Spanish. This course is not open to heritage speakers. Oral-aural Proficiency is acquired through speaking and role playing in class plus audio and visual practice outside of class, including mandatory language lab. Students learn basic strategies for reading and writing in the language. Prerequisite(s): Placed at this level by Placement Test or SPA 1010 or equivalent or permission of the instructor. Fulfills: FL in LS Core

    Health Science

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    HSC1123CAnatomy and Physiology II w/ Integrated labOB4Online - AsynchronousDesiree Jubinville7/08/2024-8/16/2024 This course continues the human anatomy and physiology topics and includes the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. The laboratory is a required component that will provide an opportunity for the student to further develop and apply the practical skills necessary to comprehend the structure and function of the human body. Prerequisite: HSC1122. SUMMER 2024 - Integrated lab is ONLINE
    HSC2300CIntroduction to Nutritional SciencesOB4Online - AsynchronousJennifer Lundy7/08/2024-8/16/2024Nutrition, Diet and Health will introduce the student to the science of nutrition. The fundamentals of protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamin, and mineral requirements and metabolism will be explained as a basis for the study of the relationship between diet and health in both a personal and global perspective. The impact that human nutrition and industrial agriculture have on environmental quality, food resources and energy consumption will be explored. Nutrition, Diet and Health has a mandatory civic engagement component related to important public and environmental issues in human nutrition, health, and fitness that are considered in the course. Satisfies a Mathematics/Science distribution requirement. Fulfills a STEM requirement in LS Core.

    History

    etsNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    HIS1106CU.S. History IOC4Online - AsynchronousRichard Padova7/08/2024-8/16/2024U.S. History I: From Pre-Contact through the Civil War and Reconstruction This course offers an introduction to American history from the beginning of European expansion through the Civil War and Reconstruction. Drawing upon the methods and insights of social, political, and cultural history, the class lectures and discussions will explore a range of topics, including: the colonial encounter, labor systems, racial formation, the movement for independence and the formation of the American Republic, religion and reform movements, the democratic and market Revolutions, the transformation of gender roles, and the causes and consequences of the Civil War and Reconstruction. Satisfies a Humanities distribution requirement. Fulfills H in LS Core.

    Management

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    MGT3110COperations ManagementOA4Online - AsynchronousThomas Collins7/08/2024-8/16/2024The course is designed to provide students majoring in business administration with an overview of the concepts, methodologies, and applications of operations management (OM). The focus of operations in the process of converting or transforming resources into products and services. The principal responsibilities of operations managers lie in making sound, cost-effective decisions that increase the productivity and competitiveness of both manufacturing and service organizations. The process of planning, implementing and monitoring the production allows operations managers to continuously improve in providing high quality goods and services at low cost thereby adding more value for the customer. Prerequisites: MGT 1100, ACC 2203 & MGT 2120. Fulfills X in LS Core.

    Marketing

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    MKT3400CSocial Media MarketingOA4Online - AsynchronousJames Frackleton7/08/2024-8/16/2024The basic principles of advertising, direct marketing, sales promotion, public relations, publicity and personal selling,as well as other forms of promotion are studied. The course will examine the factors affecting promotional decisions as well as the development of effective marketing communication strategies. Topics include establishment of objectives, identifying target audiences, budgeting, formulation, design and testing of message, media selection, and analysis of effectiveness in the context of an integrated marketing plan and ethical considerations. Students will have an opportunity to apply their analytical and creative skills by developing actual TV, radio, and print ads as well as write press releases using real world, practical and contemporary communication case studies. Prerequisite: MKT2205 or permission of the instructor.
    MKT3303CAdvertising and PromotionsOA4Online - AsynchronousPatricia Clarke7/08/2024-8/16/2024Businesses are currently facing a fundamental change in the ways that consumers interact with brands and each other. Social media has connected consumers with family and friends while also giving them considerable power over marketers and brands. This course offers an overview of how marketing has changed due to the increasing prominence of social media as a digital marketing tool. The curriculum of this course is designed to equip students with the relevant knowledge, perspectives, and practical skills required to both develop and present an effective social media marketing strategy. Prerequisite(s): MKT 2205
    SPM3005CSport MarketingOA4Online - AsynchronousTaeso Ahn7/08/2024-8/16/2024Building on foundational concepts in marketing, students will explore unique aspects of the sport industry and marketing to sport consumers. Numerous sectors of the industry will be explored, including both professional and intercollegiate spectator sport, apparel, fitness, etc. With regard to spectator sport, students will consider the unique challenges facing sport marketers, most notably a lack of control over the core product. Topics include promotion, public relations, event sponsorship, strategic marketing, consumer behavior, and brand management.

    Mathematics

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    MTH1505CApplied Statistics and Probability for EngineersOA4Online - AsynchronousPaula Bordogna7/08/2024-8/16/2024An introduction to applied statistical and probability methods in engineering dealing with discrete and continuous variables, joint distributions, estimation, tests of hypotheses, regression, design of experiments and control charts. Statistical computer packages will be used in connection with some of the material studied. Graphing calculator is required. We recommend TI-84+. Prerequisite: MTH 1217. Fulfills Q in LS Core.

    Philosophy

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    PHL1000CIntroduction to PhilosophyOB4Online - AsynchronousKaplan Hasanoglu7/08/2024-8/16/2024A first course in philosophy focusing on classic questions that have stirred the perennial human quest for wisdom. We will explore such questions as: Are humans free or determined? How do the mind and body interact? Is ethics just relative to each person or society? Should there be any limits to the political freedom of citizens? Does God exist? The course will introduce students to the methods and culture of philosophy: sympathetic understanding, critical analysis, fair argumentation, and a persistent desire to know the truth whatever it is. The focus and questions covered will be determined by each instructor. Fulfills PHL in LS Core.
    PHL1000HCIntroduction to PhilosophyOA4Online - AsynchronousPeter Ellard7/08/2024-8/16/2024A first course in philosophy focusing on classic questions that have stirred the perennial human quest for wisdom. We will explore such questions as: Are humans free or determined? How do the mind and body interact? Is ethics just relative to each person or society? Should there be any limits to the political freedom of citizens? Does God exist? The course will introduce students to the methods and culture of philosophy: sympathetic understanding, critical analysis, fair argumentation, and a persistent desire to know the truth whatever it is. The focus and questions covered will be determined by each instructor. Fulfills PHL in LS Core. This is an honors level course and requires permission of the instructor - please reach out to Dr. Peter Ellard directly, ellardp@merrimack.edu.
    PHL2020WCPerspectives on the Good LifeOA4Online - AsynchronousOwen Glyn-Williams7/08/2024-8/16/2024Before it comes to an end, how shall I spend the life I have? What would make that life genuinely worth living? We will seek the guidance of many masters: East and West, ancient and modern, women and men and from diverse races. We have much to consider, but the main challenge for each of us is to shape a perspective we can each embrace as our own. What could be more important? Prerequisite: PHL 1000. Satisfies a second institutional requirement in Philosophy if needed or a Humanities distribution requirement. Fulfill E and W in LS Core.
    PHL2060CBiomedical EthicsOA4Online - AsynchronousBrian Hanley7/08/2024-8/16/2024A critical examination of moral issues in medicine and bioethics. Topics will be selected from among the following: the physician relationship; informed consent; research ethics; issues at the end of life including euthanasia and physician assisted suicide; the allocation of scarce medical resources; race and gender in medicine; reproductive and genetic control, etc. Ethical theories and principles will be introduced to help analyze the chosen issues. Prerequisite: PHL 1000. Satisfies a second institutional requirement in Philosophy if needed or a Humanities distribution requirement. Fulfills E in LS Core.
    PHL2070CEnvironmental EthicsOA4Online - AsynchronousPeter Ellard7/08/2024-8/16/2024Environmental Ethics concerns humanity's relationship with nature. In addition to questions about our moral obligations to other humans, animals, plants, ecosystems, and future generations, the course will also look at recent work on the Land Ethic, Ecofascism, Deep Ecology, Global Ecocentrism, Ecofeminism, Social Ecology, and Sustainability. We will begin with a brief look at some background texts before turning to philosophical analysis of such contemporary issues as climate change, renewable energy, pollution, and sustainability. Prerequisite: a 1000-level philosophy course. Satisfies a second institutional requirement in Philosophy if needed or a Humanities distribution requirement. Fulfills E in LS Core.

    Political Science

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    POL1100CPolitics of the USOA4Online - AsynchronousMary McHugh7/08/2024-8/16/2024An introduction to the American political system, this course examines (1) the Constitutional basis of American politics, (2) the national institutions that are involved in decision-making and public debate (for example, the Presidency and the bureaucracy, the Federal Courts, the Congress, political parties, the media), (3) issues that Americans argue about (rights and liberties, economic benefits, foreign policy), and the processes by which those arguments are conducted and resolved (campaigns and elections, administrative action, legislation, lobbying, publicity). Satisfies a Social Science distribution requirement. Fulfills a SOSC requirement and X in LS Core.

    Psychology

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    PSY1000CIntroduction to PsychologyOB4Online - AsynchronousLauri Kurdziel7/08/2024-8/16/2024Provides a general overview of the wide-ranging field of psychology. Students will explore major concepts and issues in the study of human thinking, feeling, and acting. These include biological foundations of behavior and experience, how people learn and develop, how individuals perceive the world, individual differences in behavior, social influence and social relations, the difference between normative and non-normative behavior, and approaches to therapy. This course is a prerequisite for all other courses in psychology. Satisfies a Social Science distribution requirement. Fulfills a SOSC requirement in LS core.
    PSY2470CThe Psychology of TraumaOA4Online - AsynchronousAleksandra Plocha7/08/2024-8/16/2024Explores the psychology of trauma and human resilience. This course explores the range of posttraumatic reactions to a variety of situations as they affect cognitive, emotional, somatic and interpersonal aspects of functioning. Students will be exposed to an overview of the etiology of and prevailing theories about PTSD. Factors contributing to the resilience to trauma as well as societal, cultural, and historical influences on views of trauma will also be discussed. Pre-requisite: PSY1000, Introduction to Psychology.
    PSY3340CDevelopmental PsychopathologyOA4Online - AsynchronousGwyne White7/08/2024-8/16/2024Explores psychological disorders that affect children. Topics include depression, autism, suicide, hyperactivity, mental retardation and learning disabilities. Also investigates treatment modalities and theories of etiology.

    Religious and Theological Studies

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    RTS1010CWorld ReligionOA4Online - AsynchronousNicholas DiSalvatore7/08/2024-8/16/2024This course is an introduction to a variety of the world's religious traditions, such as Buddhism, Hinduism, Indigenous Traditions, Christianity, Islam, and Taoism. We examine origins, beliefs, practices, sacred texts, and historical and cultural aspects. Special attention will be given to Christianity and Catholicism. We will also examine St. Augustine's life and ideas using various sources. Satisfies the first institutional requirement in religious and theological studies. Fulfills RTS in LS Core.

    Sociology

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    SOC1000CThe Sociological ImaginationOA4Online - AsynchronousShahram Shadbash7/08/2024-8/16/2024The objectives of this introductory course are: (1) to cultivate the sociological perspective by acquainting students with basic sociological theories, methods, concepts and findings; (2) to use the basic concepts and principles of sociology to examine the various sectors of social life; and, (3) to develop an awareness of how and why social forces influence the experiences of everyday life. The course usually begins with a brief review of sociology's historical origin, its major theoretical perspectives and its various research methodologies. The nature of culture, social interaction, group dynamics, bureaucracy, socialization, deviance, crime, urbanization, collective behavior, and social change are some of the topics studied. The course also explores some of the institutions of society, such as the family, the political economy, religion, education, and the medical system. A central focus of the course is understanding the nature of social inequality as it exists in the United States and across the globe in terms of age, gender, race, and social class. Satisfies a Social Science distribution requirement. Fulfills a SOSC requirement in LS Core.

    Visual and Performing Arts

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    MUS1320CHistory of Rock and RollOC4Online - AsynchronousAndrew Cote7/8/2024-8/16/2024This course covers the history of rock music in Western culture, focusing mainly on British and American contributions to the style. It begins with an overview of the musics that were predecessors of rock, including early blues, jazz and rhythm and blues, continues through the birth of rock 'n' roll in the 1950, and traces developments throughout the second half of the 20th century and beyond, culminating in a review of current trends. Fulfills AL and X in LS Core.

    Womens and Gender Studies

    NumberNameSectionCreditFormatInstructorDateDescription
    WGS2010CRace and Ethnic StudiesOA4Online - AsynchronousMaryBeth Salerno7/08/2024-8/16/2024The main objective of this course is to introduce students to the academic field of Ethnic Studies, and the interdisciplinary questions it poses about the way that race, ethnicity and racism structure our world. Our focus is within a framework analyzing a range of themes and topics including the intersections of race, class, gender and sexuality; issues of power and privilege; immigration; popular culture and representation. The experiences of various communities of color will be explored including: African Americans, Asian Americans, Chicanos, Latinas, Native Americans and others. This course will also introduce major debates and issues facing Ethnic Studies in the 21st century such as immigration rights, Diaspora and globalization. A variety of mediums will be used in the course including historical and theoretical texts, newspaper articles, online postings, film and cultural analysis. Satisfies a Social Science distribution requirement. Fulfills a SOSC and D in LS Core.
    WGS2880CGender, Race, and WarOA4Online - AsynchronousSimona Sharoni7/08/2024-8/16/2024 This course will look at war and its aftermath through the prism of gender, race, sexuality and nation. It will explore war and peace as gendered and racialized phenomena while examining the impact of war on individuals and groups in conflict zones, including within militaries and armed resistance. It will address both the construction of the enemy and the making of the soldier as gendered and racial projects. Using feminist inquiry, students will study processes of militarization to understand how officials deploy conceptions of gender, race, and sexuality to construct citizens, soldiers, and enemies as gendered and racialized subjects. The course will also explore the role of gender and race in processes on demilitarization, peacebuilding, and post-conflict reconstruction. Case studies will include both US wars and militarized political conflicts in other parts of the world. Organized thematically, course topics include constructions of violent and nonviolent masculinities and femininities; the history, roles, and treatment of women, people of color, and LGBTQ within militaries and as veterans; rape, sexual violence, and sexual slavery on battlefields and within militaries, including the treatment of women around military bases; the use of history and memory to maintain gendered and racial understandings of war through official commemorations and war memorials; the role of women and underrepresented groups in resistance to war and in peace movements; and the prospect of envisioning post-conflict societies based on justice and equality for all. Fulfills D, X, and SOSC in LS Core.
    WGS3300CUS Women's HistoryOA4Online - AsynchronousKatherine Leonard7/08/2024-8/16/2024An examination of the history of women in America. It will include history prior to colonization, beyond and to the present. A look at women's roles in US Society and the intersection of class, culture and ethnicity in shaping women's historical experiences across time. The course will examine the transformations and continuities in women's lives as well as the political, social, economic and cultural factors that inspired, infused or inhibited women's changing roles. This class also explores the ways in which race, class and ethnicity have operated to unite and divide disparate groups of women. Satisfies a Humanities distribution requirement. Fulfills H and D in LS Core.